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ADHD Medications and Treatments The primary medications used to treat ADHD are stimulants. They boost levels of neurotransmitters, which help improve concentration and control of impulses. These include dextroamphetamine, amphetamine, and dex that are known under brands like Adderall and methylphenidate, as well as Lisdexamfetamine, also known as Ritalin and Concerta. Doctors may prescribe antidepressants, like Wellbutrin (generic name bupropion), for people with ADHD if stimulants don't work or cause unacceptably adverse negative side adverse effects. These medications target dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. Medication Medications affect the brain chemicals norepinephrine as well as dopamine which are vital for thinking and attention. Stimulants are among the most commonly used medications for ADHD and can be beneficial if they are used as directed. But like all medications, stimulants can trigger side negative effects. Doctors and patients collaborate to determine the most effective dosage or combination of medications to minimize the risk of side effects. Symptoms of ADHD can vary, but they always include inattention and hyperactive-impulsive behavior. The symptoms usually begin before 12 years of age and continue through adolescence, and sometimes into adulthood. The symptoms can be mild, moderate or severe, and they may be different for girls and boys. Boys and children assigned male at birth (AMAB) tend to show more hyperactive-impulsive symptoms, but the same behaviors can occur in girls and women. A doctor can diagnose ADHD in the teen or child by following the American Psychiatric Association's guidelines for the disorder. They will ask the child and parents about their symptoms and observe them in different situations. To be diagnosed with ADHD, a child has to exhibit at least six signs that manifest in more than one environment, and they must impair the child's performance and development. The symptoms must have begun before the child turned 12. The majority of children with ADHD are prescribed medication to help manage their symptoms. A doctor can prescribe methylphenidate which is the ingredient in Ritalin or amphetamine-based stimulants such as Adderall. Doctors may also prescribe nonstimulant treatments for ADHD like atomoxetine or bupropion. These drugs don't perform as fast as stimulants, but they can reduce some of the disorder's nagging side effects. ADHD is often associated with other psychiatric disorders, like mood disorders or depression. They are also more likely to develop substance abuse disorders. These issues can be addressed with behavioral therapy, which teaches children and adults how to better cope with ADHD. Research has proven that treatment with both medication and behavioral therapy can improve a person's level of living and reduce symptoms. Certain teens and children don't respond to the medications available for ADHD and therefore require less or a alternative type of medication. Clinical trials are currently being conducted to determine the best treatment option for adolescents and adults with ADHD. Behavioral therapy Some people might not require medication to benefit from behavior therapy. A modification in lifestyle or diet may help these individuals ease symptoms of ADHD. They may also be able to improve their organizational skills by using reminders or alarms, or by keeping important items in a designated location. They can also utilize exercise and other activities that require physical movement to channel energy, rather than being impulsive. Behavioral therapy is particularly beneficial for children with ADHD. It can teach parents effective parenting skills as well as strategies to help their child deal with stress and other issues that could cause problems with attention. Behavioral therapy can help children learn to manage their emotions and build positive self-esteem, and also control their behavior at school. To determine the cause of ADHD doctors will discuss the symptoms with the patient and observe their behavior in different situations. They will examine school records and questionnaires from relatives, teachers, and others who know the individual. They will also rule out other diseases and conditions that have similar symptoms. They will also conduct a medical examination and utilize ADHD rating scales. The most common medication used to treat ADHD is stimulants. These medications are designed to increase the brain activity in the areas of the brain which regulate attention. This includes the prefrontal cortex and the basal ganglia. There are several non-stimulant medications that are used to treat ADHD and other disorders. They are generally thought to be less effective, but they are safer than stimulants. For those suffering from ADHD treatment may be lengthy, and it's important to see a medical provider regularly. The symptoms of the disorder can interfere with school, work, and relationships. If left untreated it can result in depression or low self-esteem, issues with food and an unhealthy diet, as well as alcohol or drug addiction. It is also essential to speak with your doctor if you discover that a medicine that was previously effective doesn't have the same effect or triggers side effects. add medication uk is also important to mention any other medications or supplements you're taking, since certain supplements can interact with ADHD medicines. Counseling Whether or not medication is used or not, counseling can help adults and children with ADHD overcome the daily challenges caused by their condition. Therapists can teach them how to keep track of appointments, use calendars and date books, and set realistic goals for themselves. Counseling can also aid in improving relationships and reduce conflicts. Mental health professionals can inform parents on the disorder and help them develop skills or attitudes, or methods to communicate with their children. Counseling can help adult patients organize their lives and improve the performance of their jobs. They can learn strategies to remain focused on their work by breaking large assignments down into smaller steps that are easier to manage, and practice coping with anger, frustration, and anxiety. Psychotherapy can help adults gain confidence, and control the risky and impulsive behavior. Many adults find that other treatment options are beneficial in addition to counseling. Stimulants may cause side effects such as jitteriness or sleep disturbances. They must be taken only according to prescription. People suffering from ADHD should be honest with their healthcare professionals and inform them that they are having issues taking certain medications. MPH is a stimulant that is recommended by a majority of doctors to treat ADHD. This drug increases the levels of neurotransmitters that influence attention and behaviour in the brain. This drug is available in immediate-release as well as extended-release forms. The longer-acting versions build up gradually in the bloodstream and then wear off slowly, which reduces the “crash” effect that occurs when the drug's level drops. Certain non-stimulant medications like the antidepressant atomoxetine or bupropion, also can be beneficial for certain adults suffering from ADHD. They are slower to work than stimulants and could be a better option for those who aren't able to take them due to other health issues or serious side effects. Some people with ADHD also have depression or anxiety. In these situations, doctors may prescribe an antidepressant or an antianxiety medication, along with the ADHD medications. They are aware of the ways in which the drugs interact and will watch for any adverse effects. Other treatment options There are many medications that may be used to treat ADHD. They are all designed to increase the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine that are present in the brain. This increases the ability to concentrate and listen, and also improves memory. These drugs include stimulants aswell as nonstimulants. Stimulants are the most frequently prescribed treatment for ADHD. Although stimulants work for many people, they may cause adverse side negative effects. Some of these side effects can be serious. Your doctor can help you determine the appropriate dose of medication that meets your requirements. They may also suggest alternative treatments that help reduce or avoid adverse effects. The two most commonly used stimulants for ADHD include methylphenidate, and dextroamphetamine. These drugs are marketed under several brand names such as Ritalin and Adderall. These drugs are available as short-acting preparations and extended-release formulations. Short-acting medications can last for up to 3-4 hours and are usually taken twice or three times a day. Extended-release medicines can last as long as 16 hours and are usually taken daily. Many adults prefer to augment an extended-release morning medication with a shorter-acting dose in the afternoon or evening to fill the gap between the two doses as the medication is fading. Stimulants may cause nausea, changes in blood pressure and heart rate. They can also make people feel more stressed and angry than they typically do. They can also make tics more intense or increase the frequency of their appearance. In some adolescents and children they may cause an insignificant delay in growth, however it is only temporary and doesn't affect the final height. They also can increase appetite and weight gain and they can cause a rise in blood cholesterol and other heart problems in some people. Certain antidepressants may be employed “off-label” to treat ADHD. Bupropion (Wellbutrin) is the most popular drug used. It works by increasing neurotransmitters like dopamine and norepinephrine. It can be especially helpful for people who have both ADHD and depression or anxiety. It may be beneficial if stimulants do not work in the absence of being taken or misused or if a substance abuse disorder is present.